1. Introdução
The HQST 20A PWM Flush Mount Solar Charge Controller is designed to efficiently manage power flow from your solar panels to your battery bank, ensuring optimal charging and protection. It is compatible with both 12V and 24V battery systems, supporting various battery types including Lithium, Sealed (AGM), Gel, and Flooded batteries. This manual provides essential information for proper installation, operation, and maintenance of your solar charge controller.
2. Produto acabadoview
Familiarize yourself with the components of your HQST solar charge controller:
This diagram illustrates the key components and dimensions of the HQST 20A PWM Flush Mount Solar Charge Controller. It measures approximately 5.11 inches in length and 3.54 inches in width.
- 5V 1A USB Port: Para carregar dispositivos compatíveis com USB.
- Botão para cima e para baixo: Used for navigating display screens and adjusting settings.
- Tela de exibição LCD: Shows real-time system data and settings.
- Botão Carregar: Controls the DC load output.
- Furos de montagem: For securing the controller during installation.
- Terminais de carga: Conecte às suas cargas CC.
- Terminais da bateria: Conecte-se ao seu banco de baterias.
- Solar Terminals: Connect to your solar panel array.
- Flat Mount Bracket: Optional bracket for surface mounting.
3. Configuração
3.1 Montando o Controlador
The controller offers flexible mounting options:
The controller can be installed using either a flush mount for a seamless look or a flat mount with the provided bracket. Choose a location that is dry, well-ventilated, and away from direct sunlight or heat sources.
- Montagem embutida: Integrate the controller directly into a panel or wall for a clean finish.
- Montagem plana: Use the included bracket to mount the controller on a surface.
Ensure adequate space around the controller for air circulation to prevent overheating.
3.2 Conexões de Fiação
Follow the correct wiring sequence to prevent damage to the controller or battery:
- Conecte a bateria: First, connect the battery to the controller's battery terminals (7). Ensure correct polarity (positive to positive, negative to negative). The LCD will power on.
- Conecte o painel solar: Next, connect the solar panel to the controller's solar terminals (8). Ensure correct polarity.
- Conecte a carga CC: Finally, connect your DC loads to the controller's load terminals (6). Ensure correct polarity.
Sequência de desconexão: To disconnect the system, reverse the order: disconnect the load, then the solar panel, and finally the battery.
This wiring diagram illustrates the proper connection order for the solar panel, battery, and DC load to the HQST solar charge controller.
When connecting wires, ensure they are inserted into the correct square socket for the cable, not the screw hole. Fully unscrew the terminal screws, insert the wire ends, then tighten the screws securely.
3.3 Configuração do tipo de bateria
The controller automatically recognizes 12V/24V Sealed (AGM), Gel, and Flooded batteries. For Lithium batteries, manual parameter setting is required:
The LCD display allows for manual adjustment of battery parameters, especially crucial for Lithium-ion batteries.
- Press and hold the 'Up & Down' button to enter the setting mode.
- Use the 'Up & Down' buttons to navigate to the battery type setting (e.g., "b01" for Gel, "b02" for Sealed, "b03" for Flooded, "b04" for Lithium).
- For Lithium batteries, further adjust charging voltage, volume de descarga excessivatage, and other parameters as per your battery manufacturer's specifications.
- Press and hold the 'Load' button to save the settings and exit.
4. Instruções de operação
4.1 Navegação no visor LCD
The LCD screen provides real-time monitoring of your solar system:
The intuitive LCD screen cycles through various operational data, including battery voltage, PV volumetage, charge current, load current, controller temperature, and battery state of charge (SOC).
- Press the 'Up & Down' button (2) to manually cycle through the displayed parameters.
- The display will automatically cycle through parameters if no button is pressed for a few seconds.
4.2 Controle de Carga
The controller features a DC load output with multiple control modes:
- Press the 'Load' button (4) to manually turn the DC load output on or off.
- The controller supports 17 different load control modes, allowing for customized operation (e.g., dusk-to-dawn, timed operation). Refer to the full manual for detailed instructions on setting load modes.
4.3 portas de carregamento USB
The integrated 5V 1A USB port (1) can charge small electronic devices. This port is active when the DC load output is enabled.
4.4 4-Stage Carregamento Inteligente
The controller employs an advanced 4-stage charging algorithm to optimize battery health and lifespan:
This graph illustrates the voltage e profissional atualfiles during the 4-stage charging process, including Bulk, Boost/Absorption, Float, and Equalization stage.
- Carga em massa: Delivers maximum current to rapidly charge the battery.
- Boost/Absorption Charge: Mantém um volume constantetage to ensure the battery is fully charged without overcharging.
- Taxa de flutuação: Reduz o volumetage to a lower level to maintain the battery at full charge, compensating for self-discharge.
- Taxa de equalização: (For lead-acid batteries only) Periodically overcharges the battery to balance cell voltage prevenir a sulfatação.
5. Manutenção
To ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your HQST solar charge controller, perform the following maintenance checks:
- Inspeção regular: Periodically check all wiring connections for tightness and signs of corrosion. Loose connections can cause voltage queda de pressão e superaquecimento.
- Limpeza: Keep the controller's exterior clean and free from dust, dirt, and debris. Use a dry cloth for cleaning. Do not use harsh chemicals or abrasive materials.
- Ventilação: Ensure that the installation area remains well-ventilated to allow for proper heat dissipation. Blocked vents can lead to overheating and reduced efficiency.
- Saúde da bateria: Monitor your battery's health and performance regularly. Follow the battery manufacturer's maintenance guidelines.
6. Solução De Problemas
If you encounter issues with your solar charge controller, refer to the following common problems and solutions:
| Problema | Possível causa | Solução |
|---|---|---|
| Controller Display is Off | Sem energia da bateria ou conexão incorreta da bateria. | Verifique as conexões da bateria e assegure-se da polaridade correta. Verifique a voltagem da bateria.tage está acima do volume mínimo de operaçãotage. |
| Bateria não carregando | No solar input, incorrect solar panel connection, or faulty solar panel. | Ensure solar panels are receiving adequate sunlight. Check solar panel wiring for correct polarity and secure connections. Test solar panel voltage. |
| DC Load Not Working | Load output disabled, incorrect load connection, or over-discharge protection active. | Press the Load button to enable output. Check load wiring for correct polarity and secure connections. Verify battery voltage is above the over-discharge protection threshold. |
| Error Code Displayed (e.g., E02) | Specific system fault (e.g., E02 typically indicates over-discharge). | Consult the full product manual for a complete list of error codes and their corresponding solutions. Address the underlying issue (e.g., charge battery for E02). |
If the problem persists after attempting these solutions, please contact HQST customer support.
7. Especificações
| Recurso | Especificação |
|---|---|
| Modelo | 20A PWM Flush Mount |
| Vol do Sistematage | 12V / 24V Auto-recognition (Lithium batteries require manual setting) |
| Corrente de carga máxima | 20A |
| Compatibilidade da bateria | Lithium, Sealed (AGM), Gel, Flooded |
| Carregando Stages | 4-Stage (Bulk, Boost/Absorption, Float, Equalization) |
| Saída USB | 5V 1A |
| Tipo de exibição | LCD |
| Dimensões do produto (C x L x A) | 5.11 x 3.54 x 1.36 polegadas |
| Peso do item | 9.1 onças |
| Temperatura operacional máxima | 45°C (113°F) |
| Recursos de proteção | Reverse polarity, over-voltage, over-current, over-discharge, short-circuit, reverse current. |
8. Garantia e Suporte
This HQST product is backed by a Garantia de 10 ano, reflecting our commitment to quality and durability. For any technical assistance, troubleshooting, or warranty claims, please contact HQST customer support.
You can find contact information and additional resources on the official HQST website: www.hqst.com
Please have your product model number (20A PWM Flush Mount) and purchase details ready when contacting support.
